What are examples of, and defenses to, unjust vexation?

Answer

Because unjust vexation is a residual offense, it has been charged in a wide range of interpersonal disputes where one person's conduct, without violence, disturbs another's peace of mind. The decisions collected in our full report illustrate how courts have treated such situations.

The most common defense is the existence of a lawful or just cause for the act — if the conduct was justified or done in the exercise of a right, it is not "unjust." The absence of any intent or effect of vexation, and the lack of the required elements, are also raised. Specific facts should be assessed with counsel.

Sources & further reading

• Revised Penal Code Art. 287 — light coercions / unjust vexation
• Full report: unjust vexation in the Philippines