Statute
Civil Code
Article
Art. 1592
Topic
Obligations of the Vendee
Status
In force, as amended
Book
BOOK IV Obligations and Contracts
Title
TITLE VI SALES
Chapter
CHAPTER 5 Obligations of the Vendee
Formerly
Art. 1504a of the old Civil Code
Year
1949
Cited by
Multiple Supreme Court decisions

The provision

In the sale of immovable property, even though it may have been stipulated that upon failure to pay the price at the time agreed upon the rescission of the contract shall of right take place, the vendee may pay, even after the expiration of the period, as long as no demand for rescission of the contract has been made upon him either judicially or by a notarial act. After the demand, the court may not grant him a new term. (1504a)

Intellegal Wiki · In plain terms

In a sale of real property, even where the contract says non-payment automatically rescinds the deal, the buyer can still pay late as long as the seller has not yet formally demanded rescission through a court action or a notarial act. Once that demand is made, however, the court can no longer grant the buyer a new grace period.

An editorially maintained plain-language explanation of this provision — not legal advice.

Intellegal Wiki · How the courts apply it

In Lino R. Topacio v. Hon. Court of Appeals, the Supreme Court held: Money accepted as earnest money is part of the price and proof of a perfected contract of sale (Article 1482); the seller cannot rescind by merely returning the downpayment, without notarial or judicial rescission (Articles 1592, 1191).

One leading Supreme Court case applying this provision.

Note on current application: for sales of residential real property on installment, the Maceda Law (Republic Act No. 6552) provides additional buyer protections.

Cases applying this article

Other Supreme Court decisions also apply this article.

Related provisions in this Chapter

Related research

In-depth Intellegal research that analyzes this provision.

Civil Code, Art. 1592 is found in CHAPTER 5 Obligations of the Vendee of TITLE VI SALES of BOOK IV Obligations and Contracts of the Civil Code of the Philippines (Republic Act No. 386).

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Reviewed by the Intellegal Legal Team for currency against amending laws and Supreme Court jurisprudence.

Research aid — not legal advice. Verify the current text against the Official Gazette. Provisions may have been amended or repealed. Using this page creates no attorney-client relationship. For legal advice, consult a Philippine lawyer.