- Statute
- Civil Code
- Article
- Art. 2037
- Topic
- Compromises
- Status
- In force
- Book
- BOOK IV Obligations and Contracts
- Title
- TITLE XIV COMPROMISES AND ARBITRATIONS
- Chapter
- CHAPTER 1 Compromises
- Formerly
- Art. 1816 of the old Civil Code
- Year
- 1949
- Cited by
- Multiple Supreme Court decisions
The provision
A compromise has upon the parties the effect and authority of res judicata; but there shall be no execution except in compliance with a judicial compromise. (1816)
Intellegal Wiki · In plain terms
A compromise—an agreement settling a dispute—binds the parties with the same finality as a court judgment (res judicata), so they cannot relitigate the settled matter. However, a party cannot have it enforced by court execution unless the compromise was one approved and rendered by a court.
An editorially maintained plain-language explanation of this provision — not legal advice.
Intellegal Wiki · How the courts apply it
In Francisco S. Dizon v. Sebastian Gonzaga, the Supreme Court held: Approved the parties' compromise agreement under Article 2037 of the Civil Code, finding it not contrary to law, morals, good customs, or public policy, and rendered judgment enjoining strict and good-faith compliance with its terms.
One leading Supreme Court case applying this provision.
Cases applying this article
- Francisco S. Dizon v. Sebastian Gonzaga G.R. No. 138863
- J-Phil Marine v. National Labor Relations Commission G.R. No. 175366
- Gadrinab v. Salamanca G.R. No. 194560