Answer
Republic Act No. 9262 (the Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004) covers physical, sexual, psychological, and economic abuse committed against a woman by a person with whom she has or had a marital, sexual, or dating relationship, or with whom she has a common child, and against that woman's child. The protected persons are the woman in any of those relationships and her children — her biological children and other children under her care — whether below eighteen or older but incapable of self-care.
For psychological violence under Section 5(i), the prosecution must prove that the offended party is a woman and/or her child, the required relationship, that the offender caused mental or emotional anguish, and that the anguish resulted from acts such as public ridicule, repeated verbal or emotional abuse, or denial of financial support. For a charge based on denial of support, the Supreme Court has required proof that the denial was willful and intended to cause anguish — a mere inability to provide support is not enough.
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