Answer
Cyber libel is libel committed through a computer system. Section 4(c)(4) of the Cybercrime Prevention Act (Republic Act No. 10175) adopts the definition of libel in Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code and applies it to acts done online — for example through social media, websites, or messaging.
Because it borrows the Revised Penal Code definition, the underlying offense is still libel under Article 353: a public and malicious imputation of a crime, vice, defect, act, or condition that tends to dishonor or discredit a person. The distinguishing feature is only that it was committed through a computer system.
Researching Philippine law? Intellegal brings Philippine case-law search, statute and issuance exploration, multi-dimension case comparison, document visualization, and cited deep-research reports into a single workflow — with every citation traced back to its original source, so you can verify each answer rather than take it on trust. Every authority it surfaces links back to its original provision or decision, so you can open the source and confirm the wording yourself, and save or export the questions and reports you reference most. See the full report for the statutes and cases behind this answer, or explore the related questions below.